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Abbreviations
°C Degrees Celsius
6PPD 4-(dimethylbutylamino)diphenylamin
ACCOBAMS Agreement on the Conservation of Cetaceans in the Black Sea, Mediterranean Sea and Contiguous Atlantic Area
AEWA Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds
ASCOBANS Agreement on the Conservation of Small Cetaceans of the Baltic and North Seas
Atm 1 atmosphere = 1.013 x 105 Pascal
BAT Best Available Techniques
BDE (Penta, octa and deca) Penta-, octa- and decabromodiphenyl ether
BEP Best Environmental Practice
Bq Becquerel (1 disintegration per second)
CAMP Comprehensive Atmospheric Monitoring Programme (OSPAR)
CBD Convention on Biological Diversity
Cefas Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (UK)
CEMP Coordinated Environmental Monitoring Programme (OSPAR)
CITES Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora
cm Centimetre
CMS Convention on Migratory Species
CO2 Carbon dioxide
DBP Dibutylphthalate
DDT 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl-1,1,1-trichloroethane
DEHP Diethylhexylphthalate
dw Dry weight
EC European Community
EcoQO Ecological Quality Objective
EEA European Environment Agency
EEZ Exclusive Economic Zone
EIA Environmental Impact Assessment
EMEP European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme
EMSA European Maritime Safety Agency
EROD Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase
EU European Union
F Fishing mortality
FAO United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization
FFL Fishing for Litter
G (prefix) Giga, 109
GDP Gross Domestic Product
Gy Gray
H2S Hydrogen sulphide
HBCD Hexabromocyclododecane
HCH Hexachlorocyclohexane
HELCOM Helsinki Commission for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the Baltic Sea
IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency
ICCAT International Commission for Conservation of Atlantic Tunas
ICES International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
ICZM Integrated Coastal Zone Management
IIASA International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis
IMO International Maritime Organization
IOC Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission
IPCC United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
IPPC Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (EU)
ISA International Seabed Authority
IUU Illegal, Unregulated and Unreported
IWC International Whaling Commission
JAMP Joint Assessment and Monitoring Programme (OSPAR)
kg Kilogramme
km Kilometre
km2 Square kilometre
M Molar mass
M (prefix) Mega, 106
MARPOL International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (1973/1978)
mm Millimetre
MPA Marine Protected Area
MSY Maximum Sustainable Yield
N Nitrogen
n (prefix) Nano, 10-9
NAMMCO North Atlantic Marine Mammal Commission
NASCO North Atlantic Salmon Conservation Organisation
NEAFC North East Atlantic Fisheries Commission
nm Nautical mile
NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (USA)
NOx Nitrogen oxides
NSIDC National Snow and Ice Data Centre (USA)
OECD Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development
OSPAR The term ‘OSPAR’ is used in this report to refer to both the OSPAR Commission and the former Oslo and Paris Commissions. The 1972 Oslo Convention and the 1974 Paris Convention were replaced by the 1992 OSPAR Convention when it entered into force on 25 March 1998
P Phosphorus
p (prefix) Pico, 10-12
PAH Polycylic aromatic hydrocarbon
PBDE Polybrominated diphenyl ether
PCB Polychlorinated biphenyl
PCDD Polychlorinated dibenzodioxin
PCDF Polychlorinated dibenzofuran
PCP Pentachlorophenol
PFOS Perfluorooctane sulphonates
PIC Prior Informed Consent
POP Persistent Organic Pollutant
PSSA Particularly Sensitive Sea Area
QSR Quality Status Report
QSR 2000 Quality Status Report for the entire OSPAR maritime area published by OSPAR in 2000
REACH Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (EU)
RID Comprehensive Study on Riverine Inputs and Direct Discharges (OSPAR)
RMP Revised Management Procedure (International Whaling Commission)
s Second (time)
SCCP Short-chain chlorinated paraffin
SECA SOx Emission Control Area
SO2 Sulphur dioxide
SOx Sulphur oxide
SOLAS International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea
SSB Spawning Stock Biomass
Sv Sievert (1 J / kg x (modifying factors))
t Tonne
T (prefix) Tera, 1012
TAC Total Allowable Catch
TBBP-A Tetrabromobisphenol-A
TBT Tributyltin
toeq Tonnes of oil equivalents
UN United Nations
UNCLOS United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea
UNECE United Nations Economic Commission for Europe
UNEP United Nations Environment Programme
UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
VMEs Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems
VOC Volatile Organic Compounds
W Watt
WFD Water Framework Directive (EU)
ww Wet weight
WWF World Wildlife Fund
yr Year
μ (prefix) Micro, 10-6